InVivoSIM anti-human CXCL10 (IP-10) (Eldelumab Biosimilar)

About InVivoSIM anti-human CXCL10 (IP-10) (Eldelumab Biosimilar)

This non-therapeutic biosimilar antibody uses the same variable regions as the therapeutic antibody, eldelumab, making it ideal for research use. Eldelumab is a humanized IgG1, k monoclonal antibody that specifically binds the pro-inflammatory cytokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), also known as 10 kDa interferon gamma-induced protein (gamma-IP10 or IP-10). Importantly, the Fc of the eldelumab antibody is engineered to replace lysine (K) at position 214 with arginine (R) to reduce the Fc effector function (i.e., to lower the ADCC or CDC activity of the antibody). CXCL10 is a secreted protein that is mainly produced by cancer cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and monocytes in response to IFN-gamma secretion. CXCL10 binds its only receptor, CXCR3, to activate Src, PI3K-AKT, Erk1/2, MAKP, and other downstream pathways. The CXCL10-CXCR3 axis activates G protein-mediated signaling, leading to the recruitment of activated Th1 lymphocytes to inflammatory sites, including tumors, brain injury, and viral or Toxoplasma gondii infections. In tumors, CXCL10-CXCR3 regulates immune cell activation, differentiation, and migration to promote anti-tumor immunity through paracrine signaling. The tumor-derived CXCL10 molecules, on the contrary, interact with CXCR3, thereby inducing cancer cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and other pro-cancerous effects. During brain injury, the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis is involved in the activation and recruitment of microglia to the lesion sites, which is an essential element for neuronal reorganization. In experiments involving CXCL10-stimulated human PBMCs, NF-κB-overexpressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and CXCR3-expressing cells, in vitro treatment with eldelumab antibody is reported to neutralize the CXCL10 activity.